Turning-head for woodworking-machines



C. L. LONG.

TURNING HEAD FOR WOODWORKING'MAC-HFNE S.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-3,1819.

1,370,825. Patented Mar. 8,1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

C. L. LONG. TURNING HEAD FOR WOODWORKING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.3, 1919 1,370,825. ate ted Mar. 8, 1921.

2 SHEETSSHEE1 2. T1 7 Ti 8 UNITED STATES I PATENT OFFICE.

CLAUD L. LONG, 0F DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE CRAWFORD, MCGREGOR 'AN'D CANDY COMPANY, A CORPORATION .OF OHIO.

TURNING-HEAD FOR WOODWORKING-MACHINES.

Application filed January 3, 1919.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CLAUD L. LONG, a citizen of the United States, residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented :certain new and useful Improvements in Turning-Heads for \Voodworking-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to cutter heads for wood working machines and particularly to a rotary cutter head for pattern or variable shape lathes.

The object of the invention is to modify the structure as well'as the means and mode of operation of'such devices, whereby they will not only be cheapened in construction, but will be more efiicient in use, and unlikely to get out of'repair.

While cutter heads employing hollow or cup shaped cutters, and cutters revolubly mounted to present unused cutting edges to the work by the rotation of the cutters, are alreadywell known in the art, such cutters have usually been mounted in positions substantially perpendicular to the plane of rotation of the head which it is found inpractice does not result in highest efliciency. To increase the efiiciency of this'type of cutter heads by mounting'the cutterrblades in positions inclined to the plane of rotation and inclined one to theother, is one'of the primary objects of the invention.

The modified form of cutter head herein disclosed is designed to aiforda more or less drawing out due to the inclination of the blades, to afford an increased degree of clearance,'and to facilitate the lead of the cutter head into thework.

With the above primary and other incidental objects in view, as will more fully appear in the specification, the invention consists of the features of constructlon, the parts and combinations thereof, and the "mode of operation, or-their equivalents, as hereinafter described and set forth in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure '1 is a side elevation of a cutterfhea'd as applied to turning-shoe lasts. Fig. 2'is an end view of the cutter head. Fig. 3 is a side "elevation thereof. Figs and are views of the head "with the cutters removed,'-fro m different right angle positions. showing the-relation of the cutter supporting "lugs. Figfifizis 55 a. view of the head having the cutters Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patented Mar. 8, 1921.

Serial No. 269,542.

I 12 is a detail sectional View of one ofthe cutter members.

Like parts are indicated by similar characters of reference throughout the-several views.

The cutter head forming the subject matter hereof comprises a main body portion or supporting head 1 adapted to be carried upon a'rotary'spindle or'other driving element 2. Projecting from the terminal face of the body portion 1 are two cutter supporting lugs 3-3 located upon diagonal quadrants of the said-body portion. The oppositely disposed cutter-supporting faces 4 of these lugs are inclined ordivergent in relation one to the other and to the axis and plane of rotation. The degree of divergence shown in the drawing is such that said lugs approach quite closely to-the centerline of the head at their bases, being separated at their bases a distance very much less than the thickness of the cutters to be carried, while at their extremities the lugs are separated a distance much greater than the thickness of the cutters. The degree of divergence may be'varied in accordance with the workto be performed and the character of the material operatedu'pon. However approximately the angle shown will be 'found'quite suitable'for general use.

Mounted upon the inclined faces 'oft'he lugs inoverla'pping relation, butinclined in relation one to'the other are two cup shaped cutters 5. The exterior of the cutters has been shown somewhat tapered or 'offrus'toconical form, although in view "of'their inclined positions stra'ight or' cylindrical 'forms of cutters will be afforded sufiicient clearance. The cutters 5 are revolubly mounted'up'on oent'ra'l'st'uds '6 screw thread- -ed into the lugs '3. A's'aconvenient means 'OfI 'GtalHlHg the revolu'ble cuttersin their adjusted positions studs 7 are'provided in 'the'faces l of the lugs. which stud's'enga'g'e "any 'one of a'seri'es of'hols 8 in the web or base of the corresponding cutter. By

loosening "the cutter stud '6 and disengaging the cutter from the positioning'stu'd or pin '7 the Icuttermay be -rotated and the pin or "stud 7 reengage'd with a diflerent hole 8,

thereby presenting an unused portionof the cutting edg'e in 'op rative 'posit'i'on v V This-rotation at the area a closely at their inner sides, but preferably" do not touch one upon the other. The,

diameter of the cutters shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 6 is thus substantially equal to the maximum radius of the head. The whole comprises a comparatively small compact arrangement of the cutters and their support whereby they are'enabled to operate Within arcuate recesses of comparatively small radius.

While the construction shown in Figs. 2

to 5 affordsa diagonal or draw out so long :ias the work is engaged at the side of the head as shown by the'dotted lines of Fig. 1, this diagonal relation of the cutting edge to the plane of rotation of the work at the point of operation decreases as the point of I operation of the cutting edge approaches 25 unless the cutters are set at an inclination the point shown by solid lines of Fig l or angle in two directionsas shown i n Fig. 6. ThlS 1s a desirable arrangement though not essential forall'shapes to be turned.

As shown in 6 the cutters are not only inclined to the plane of rotation as in the preceding figures, but are also inclined in the plane of rotation of the head, so that one side preferably the inner side, radially considered, is slightly in advance of-the outer side of the cutter in relation with the direction of rotation. Thus instead of the cutters being radially disposed in relation with the supportinghead they are some what tangentially arranged' This affords a diagonal or shearing cut at any point of thecutting edge. I 7

While cutters of small diameterare es sential for turning extreme shapes, for ordinary conditions of use a' larger cutter is to be preferred as it affords a cut of greater length as compared with its depth, that is to say the cut is more flat and will necessitate less finishing to remove the cutter marks from the work.

.ihead. Insteadoftwo spaced-lugs diagonally positioned'and havingoppositely inclmed adiacent faces as described, the form shown in Figs. 7 and 8 embodies a main body 9 having a single Wedge shaped or tapered terminalluglO theopposite faces ofwhich being inclined one to the other receive the circular cutters 5. Ifso desired the cutters may-beef a size to overlap in relation with each other. they may be substantially equal in diameter to the radius of the assembled head or less than such radius. The cutters being mounted upon the oppositely disposed inclined faces will be inclined to the plane of rotation and to each other.

Double blade cutter heads such as shown in Figs. 1 to 8 inclusive necessitate great accuracy in manufacture and adjustment of the parts to insure equalcutting action by both cutters. Unless accurately constructed one cutter will perform allthe work and the other operating idly will merely serve as a" balance weight for the rotating head. In Figs..9 to 11 there is disclosed a form of cutter head having but" one circular cutter, 11. the second cutter being replaced by a mass of metal 12 which serves as a counter balance and performs all the functions of the second cutter of a double cutter head the cutters of which have been misplaced. or unevenly worn. The construction shown per-- mits the use of a larger circular cutter l1 vwhich affords a broader chip while maintaining the balanced relationship of the head as found in the double cutter construction. The cutter 11 is not only inclined to the plane of rotation, but is somewhat tangentially arranged in relation with the center of rotation. The mounting and'adjustment of thecutter is the same as previously described.-

From the above description it will. be apparent that there is thus produced a device of the character described, possessing ,the particular features of advantage before enumerated as desirable] but which obviously is susceptible of'modification in. its form, proportion, detail construction, and arrangement of parts .without departing from the principle involved or sacrificing any of its advantages.

Having thus described my invention 1- claim':

.1. A rotary cuttercomprisinga body portion having lugs projecting "from its end, said lugs having opposed inclinedmounting faces spaced apart ad'istance less than the thickness of the cutters at their bases and greater thanthe thickness of the cutters at their extremities, cup shaped cutters with annular cutting edges the diameter of which radius of the cutter head, and means for mounting the cutters upon the mounting faces in inclined relation with each other and with their inner sides in juxtaposition with each other. 1

2. A rotary cutter comprising a-body portion, supporting lugs projecting from the terminal face thereof having substantially radially disposed "mounting jfaces inclined to the, plane of rotation, and cutter members is substantially equal tothe length of the dicular to the planes of said faces, the cutting edges of said members being located in oliset divergent planes, substantially as specified.

- 3. A rotary cutter of that type embodying a main body, supporting lugs carried thereby and circular cup shaped cutters carried by the lugs, characterized by having said cutters arranged in divergent planes substantially perpendicular to the plane of rotation but slightly inclined rearwardly in relation with the direction of rotation of the head.

l. A rotary cutter head comprising a body portion and a plurality of circular cup shaped cutters carried thereby, said cutters being arranged with their cutting edges in different planes substantially radially disposed in relation with the axis of rotation, but inclined rearwardly in relation with the direction of rotation of the cutter head.

5. A rotary cutter head comprising a supporting body having an inclined mounting face thereon, and an arcuate cutter mounted thereon, the plane of said cutter being sub stantially radial in relation with the axis of rotation of the head with its cutting edge inclined both to and in the plane of rotation.

6. A rotary cutter head comprising a supporting body having an inclined mounting face, and an arcuate cutter mounted upon the inclined face in a position oifset in the plane of the cutter in relation with the axis of rotation, said cutter being substantially perpendicular to the plane of rotation, but

slightly inclined rearwardly in relation with the direction of rotation.

7. A rotary cutter head comprising a supporting body having an inclined face, and an arcuate cutter mounted thereon in a position offset in the plane of the cutter in relation with the axis of rotation, the plane of the cutter being tangential in relation with the axis of rotation and inclined in relation to the plane of rotation.

8. In a cutter of the character described a supporting body and two cutter disks arranged side by side each in a plane substantially perpendicular to the plane of rotation but tilted slightly rearward in relation with the direction of rotation.

9. In a cutter of the character described, a rotary supporting head, a cutter carried thereby in a plane substantially perpendicular to the plane of rotation, but tilted slightly rearward in relation with the direction of rotation.

10. In a cutter a rotary supporting body, a cutter supporting lug projecting from the terminal face thereof, slightly inclined to the plane of rotation, and a cutter member mounted upon the inclined lug having its face turned in the direction of rotation, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 19th day of December, A. D. 1918.

CLAUD L. LONG.

vVitnesses HARRY F. NOLAN, F. L. WALKER. 

